Persistent smoking in bars: an ethnographic analysis

Institution:	Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation
Investigator(s):	Roland Moore,
Award Cycle:	2001 (Cycle 10)	Grant #: 10RT-0276	Award: $482,317
Subject Area:	Public Health, Public Policy, and Economics
Award Type:	Research Project Awards

Abstracts

Initial Award Abstract

This study is designed to investigate beliefs and behavior surrounding tobacco smoking within diverse San Francisco bars in which smoking has been banned. Building upon the literature on bar behavior and the research team's experience research on substance use among workers in different settings including bars, the proposed study will describe patrons', bartenders', and managers' normative understandings of tobacco use, second-hand smoke, and the extent to which California Assembly Bill 13 applies to them. The overall goal of the proposed study is understanding how and why many stand-alone bars are in noncompliance with California AB13.

The proposed research design consists of a two-year study using semi-structured interviews as well as both highly structured and qualitative observations. A random sample of stand-alone bars (unconnected to restaurants) to study will be drawn from mapped data on alcohol outlets throughout the city. Because the San Francisco Department of Public Health's Tobacco Free Project recently found only 40% of stand-alone bars to be in compliance with AB13, the final sample of 60 stand-alone bars is expected to include roughly equal numbers of noncompliant bars and compliant bars. Experienced anthropologists will conduct a total of 80 open-ended interviews with patrons, bartenders, and managers of these randomly selected bars in San Francisco. Participant observation will take place during four waves of visits in and around these bars. In order to learn what distinguishes compliant from noncompliant bars, these observational settings will include sites where smoking occurs as well as those where smoking is discouraged.

The proposed study focuses on the stand-alone bar as the site of analysis because it represents an environment in which the greatest AB13 compliance problems occur. The stand-alone bar is the public setting in which the population of patrons and employees is at greatest risk for exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. This study's findings will produce understandings of the range of bar patron and employee smoking norms and specific rationales for not complying with the ban. These findings constitute a necessary precursor for large-scale preventive efforts with relevance to this population. Accordingly, the proposed study should shed light on how to reduce a health problem faced not only by San Francisco bar employees and patrons, but workers and customers in noncompliant bars throughout the state as well.

Publications

Unobtrusive observations of smoking in urban California bars
Periodical: Journal of Drug Issues			Index Medicus:
Authors: Lee JP, Moore RS, Martin SE				ART
Yr: 0	Vol:	Nbr:	Abs:	Pg:

Compliance with California Smoke-Free Bar Policy: Bartender-Patron Dynamics
Periodical: American Public Health Association			Index Medicus:
Authors: Moore RS, Lee JP				ABS
Yr: 2003	Vol:	Nbr:	Abs:	Pg:

Ethnographic analysis of smoking in bars: preliminary findings
Periodical: TRDRP Annual Report to the State of California Legislature			Index Medicus:
Authors: Moore RS, Lee JP, Martin S				ABS
Yr: 2002	Vol:	Nbr:	Abs:	Pg:

Correlates of Persistent Smoking in Bars Subject to Smokefree Workplace Policy_x000D_
Periodical: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health			Index Medicus:
Authors: Roland S. Moore, Juliet P. Lee, Scott E. Martin, Michael Todd, Bong Chul Chu				ART
Yr: 2009	Vol: 6	Nbr: 4	Abs:	Pg: 1341-1357

Unobtrusive observations of smoking in urban California bars
Periodical: Journal of Drug Issues			Index Medicus:
Authors: Lee JP, Moore RS, Martin SE				ART
Yr: 0	Vol:	Nbr:	Abs:	Pg:

Compliance with California Smoke-Free Bar Policy: Bartender-Patron Dynamics
Periodical: American Public Health Association			Index Medicus:
Authors: Moore RS, Lee JP				ABS
Yr: 2003	Vol:	Nbr:	Abs:	Pg:

Ethnographic analysis of smoking in bars: preliminary findings
Periodical: TRDRP Annual Report to the State of California Legislature			Index Medicus:
Authors: Moore RS, Lee JP, Martin S				ABS
Yr: 2002	Vol:	Nbr:	Abs:	Pg:

Correlates of Persistent Smoking in Bars Subject to Smokefree Workplace Policy_x000D_
Periodical: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health			Index Medicus:
Authors: Roland S. Moore, Juliet P. Lee, Scott E. Martin, Michael Todd, Bong Chul Chu				ART
Yr: 2009	Vol: 6	Nbr: 4	Abs:	Pg: 1341-1357